大多数自然获得的Plasmodium感染在人类中已知
Balbir Singh1, Lee Kim Sung, Asmad Matusop
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. bsingh@fmhs.unimas.my
Lancet (London, England)
|March 31, 2004
概括
显微镜错误地确定了超过一半的疟疾病例是马来西亚婆罗洲的疟原虫;分子测试显示这些实际上是Plasmodium knowlesi感染. 这强调了需要准确的诊断方法来打击疟疾传播的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学寄生虫学 医学寄生虫学
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 显微镜经常误认大约20%的疟疾病例是马来西亚婆罗洲的疟原虫.
- 这些非典型的Plasmodium malariae感染未能通过嵌套PCR试验得到证实,这促使进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查非典型的Plasmodium malariae感染是否是由于一种变异菌株或一种新的Plasmodium物种.
- 用分子方法准确识别Kapit区疟疾的致病原体.
主要方法:
- 在2000年至2002年期间,从208名疟疾患者收集了血液样本.
- 小子单元核糖体RNA和环体蛋白质基因被测序为八个分离物.
- 用Plasmodium knowlesi特定的原料进行嵌套PCR测定,用于表征.
主要成果:
- DNA 测序显示,分离物在遗传学上与寄生虫Plasmodium knowlesi无法区分.
- 在58%的疟疾病例中,PCR证实了Plasmodium knowlesi,没有检测到Plasmodium malariae.
- 人体红细胞中的Plasmodium knowlesi在形态上与Plasmodium malariae相似,导致误诊.
结论:
- 自然获得的Plasmodium knowlesi感染,被误诊为Plasmodium malariae,占研究的疟疾病例的一半以上.
- 精确识别Plasmodium knowlesi需要分子方法,因为与Plasmodium malariae的形态相似性.
- 需要进一步的研究,以确定该地区人类Plasmodium knowlesi感染的起源.
相关概念视频
00:58Symbiosis
Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
01:27Diversity of Protists II
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
01:30Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
01:29Malaria
Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...
01:28Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
01:28Amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...