全球保护区网络在代表物种多样性的有效性
Ana S L Rodrigues1, Sandy J Andelman, Mohamed I Bakarr
1Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, Washington, DC 20036, USA. a.rodrigues@conservation.org
Nature
|April 9, 2004
概括
全球保护区现在超过了11.5%的土地覆盖面,超过了目标. 然而,这项研究揭示了重大差距,表明统一的保护目标不足以有效地保护全球生物多样性.
科学领域:
- 保护科学 保护科学
- 保护生物多样性的保护.
- 保护区管理 保护区管理
背景情况:
- 第五届世界公园大会建立了一个全球保护区 (PA) 网络,覆盖地球陆地表面的11.5%.
- 统一的以百分比为基础的PAs目标,虽然在政治上很方便,但缺乏强大的科学依据,他们的保护价值受到争议.
- 目前关于设定有效的PA目标和评估其生物多样性保护成功的知识是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 对保护区在代表物种多样性的有效性进行首次全球差距分析.
- 评估当前全球保护区网络在实现其生物多样性保护目标方面的充分性.
- 评估统一的保护目标对全球生物多样性保护的适用性.
主要方法:
- 整合了五个全球数据集:物种分布和保护区覆盖范围.
- 制定全球差距分析框架,以评估PA对物种多样性的代表性.
- 统一的保护目标与生物多样性代表性的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 全球保护区网络在代表物种多样性方面显然不完整.
- 统一的保护目标被证明不足以有效保护生物多样性.
- 目前保护区网络在保护全球物种的能力方面存在重大差距.
结论:
- 目前的全球保护区网络需要战略扩张和精细化,超出简单的基于区域的目标.
- 保护目标的"一刀切"方法不足以保护全球生物多样性.
- 未来的保护规划必须优先考虑生物多样性的代表性和有效性,而不是统一的面积覆盖.
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