维生素D对跌倒的影响:一个元分析
Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari1, Bess Dawson-Hughes, Walter C Willett
1Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02120, USA. hbischof@hsph.harvard.edu
JAMA
|April 29, 2004
概括
维生素D补充剂显著降低了超过20%的老年人跌倒风险. 这一发现表明,维生素D在预防老年人跌倒方面是有效的.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 跌倒是老年人常见和严重的问题,随着年龄的增长而增加.
- 维生素D在老年人中跌倒的预防作用需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 评估维生素D在预防老年人跌倒方面的疗效.
主要方法:
- 通过全面的数据库搜索 (MEDLINE,Cochrane,EMBASE) 识别的双盲随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 纳入标准集中在老年人群 (平均年龄≥60岁),低创伤性跌倒和定义的跌倒确定方法.
- 五个RCT (1237名参与者) 被纳入初级分析,另外五个研究 (10,001名参与者) 被纳入敏感性分析.
主要成果:
- 与安慰剂或相比,维生素D补充剂降低了下降的概率22% (OR,0.78;95% CI,0.64-0.92).
- 治疗所需人数 (NNT) 为15,表明15人需要维生素D治疗以防止一次跌倒.
- 敏感性分析证实了显著的影响 (RR,0.87;95% CI,0.80-0.96),小组分析显示了不同维生素D类型和补充剂的一致性.
结论:
- 维生素D补充剂有效地减少了超过20%的风险,在门诊和医疗机构的老年人健康稳定.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以探索最佳的维生素D类型,剂量以及的作用,特别是在男性中.
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