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相关概念视频

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting
08:14

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting

Published on: September 25, 2012

控制真核生物基因表达中的随机性.

Jonathan M Raser1, Erin K O'Shea

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California-San Francisco (UCSF), 600 16th Street, Room S472D, San Francisco, CA 94143-2240, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 29, 2004
PubMed
概括

基因表达噪声或随机波动导致细胞变异. 这种噪音是基因特异性的,可以进化,平衡细胞忠诚度和多样性.

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 系统生物学 系统生物学

背景情况:

  • 细胞行为可能因基因表达的随机波动 (噪音) 而变化.
  • 了解基因表达噪声的来源和影响在分子生物学中至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 在真核生物基因表达中量化内在噪声.
  • 调查影响基因表达变异性的因素.
  • 为了探索基因表达噪声的进化潜力.

主要方法:

  • 在二倍体细胞中的两个等位基因之间的表达量化的差异,以测量内在噪声.
  • 开发了一种模型,将促进体激活和转录与信使RNA (mRNA) 变异性联系起来.
  • 确定了影响基因表达噪声的cis和trans作用突变.

主要成果:

  • 基因表达噪声是基因特异性的,独立于调节途径或表达率.
  • 提出了一个模型,其中促进子激活和转录平衡影响mRNA可变性.
  • 确定了改变噪音的突变,支持噪音作为一种可进化的特征.

结论:

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Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards
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Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards

Published on: February 25, 2017

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting
08:14

Processing of Primary Brain Tumor Tissue for Stem Cell Assays and Flow Sorting

Published on: September 25, 2012

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards
10:50

Single-cell Gene Expression Profiling Using FACS and qPCR with Internal Standards

Published on: February 25, 2017

  • 内在的基因表达噪声是一种基因特异性特征.
  • 促进体激活和转录之间的平衡是mRNA水平变异性的关键因素.
  • 基因表达噪声是一种可进化的特征,可以优化用于细胞适应,平衡一致性和多样性.