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西印度群岛昆虫捕食者的中生代起源
Alfred L Roca1, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Eduardo Eizirik
1Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA. roca@ncifcrf.gov
Nature
|June 11, 2004
概括
临灭绝的西印度昆虫食者索莱诺登在7600万年前从其他哺乳动物分离出来. 保护这些独特的物种保护了一个古老的进化血统.
科学领域:
- 动物学 动物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 索莱诺登是唯一幸存的西印度昆虫食者,有两个物种:索莱诺登古巴 (Cuba) 和索莱诺登悖论 (Hispaniola).
- 这些高度危的哺乳动物代表着独特而古老的进化血统.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定两个索莱诺登物种的进化分歧时间和起源.
- 提供基因数据,支持这些古代哺乳动物的保护工作.
主要方法:
- 来自Solenodon paradoxus的组合基因序列 (13.9千基) 的分析.
- 来自Solenodon cubanus的线粒体DNA (1.6千基) 的测序.
主要成果:
- 索莱诺顿大约在7600万年前 (白纪) 从其他eulipotyphlan食虫类分离出来.
- 在Solenodon cubanus和Solenodon paradoxus之间发现了2500万年的深度分歧,这与古巴和西班牙岛的构造学分离一致.
结论:
- 由于地质事件, solenodons 的进化历史与 vicariant 起源保持一致.
- 保存 solenodons 对于保存一个哺乳动物血统至关重要,因为它与许多哺乳动物序列一样古老.
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00:48Optimal Foraging
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Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.