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相关概念视频

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR activation may...
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Types of Membrane Protrusions01:28

Types of Membrane Protrusions

The protrusion of the cell surface is an initial step for several cellular processes, including cell migration, phagocytosis, and neurite outgrowth. These membrane protrusions are a result of cytoskeletal rearrangement. The most  widely observed cell protrusions include lamellipodia, pseudopodia, filopodia, microvilli, invadopodia, and podosomes. These protrusions can be of two types — static or dynamic.
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections with a...

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相关实验视频

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Real-time Imaging of Axonal Transport of Quantum Dot-labeled BDNF in Primary Neurons
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快速的BDNF诱导的逆行突触修饰在一个正在发展的视网膜系统中.

Jiu-Lin Du1, Mu-Ming Poo

  • 1Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Nature
|June 25, 2004
PubMed
概括

在正在发育的Xenopus视网膜系统中观察到快速逆行突触修饰. 大脑衍生神经营养因子 (BDNF) 通过TrkB受体诱导了视网膜质细胞 (RGC) 的变化,增强了突触可塑性.

科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 突触性可塑性 突触性可塑性
  • 发育生物学 发展生物学

背景情况:

  • 海马神经元的长期突触强化/抑郁涉及从轴突终端到树突的逆行信号传递.
  • 在完整的发育系统中理解逆行信号对于理解神经电路形成至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 调查在发育中的Xenopus laevis视网膜系统中快速逆行突触修饰的存在和机制.
  • 确定参与这种逆行信号的分子参与者和细胞过程.

主要方法:

  • 在Xenopus laevis的光学结构中局部应用由大脑衍生的神经营养因子 (BDNF).
  • 电生理学记录光引起的激发性突触电流和视网膜细胞 (RGCs) 中的尖端活动.
  • 药理上抑制TrkB受体激活,脂酶Cgamma活性和细胞内升高.

主要成果:

  • 应用BDNF诱导了视网膜突触的持续增强.
  • 这种增强导致了RGC树突上的突触输入的快速修改,增强突触电流和尖端活动.
  • 逆行效应取决于TrkB受体激活,脂酶Cgamma活性和RGCs中的Ca2+升高.
  • 该机制涉及在RGC树突上 postsynapticAMPA亚型谷氨酸受体的选择性增加.

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结论:

  • 快速逆行突触修饰发生在正在发展的Xenopus视网膜系统中.
  • 这一过程由BDNF通过TrkB受体传递信号,其中包括RGCs中的脂酶Cgamma和Ca2+.
  • 反向信息流允许基于轴突终端的信号快速调节突触输入,类似于神经网络学习算法.