胚胎表观遗传缺陷的干细胞后果
Cinzia Allegrucci1, Chris Denning, Helen Priddle
1Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 13, 2004
概括
早期发育中的表观遗传重编程对于基因表达和细胞分化至关重要. 了解卵细胞机制可以改善体细胞重编程,避免胚胎干细胞技术中的错误.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学和发育生物学
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 基因组印记是一种基因组印记.
背景情况:
- 体细胞拥有所有蛋白质的遗传密码,但表观遗传修饰调节了特定基因表达的基因表达.
- 基因组和DNA的修改 (乙化,甲基化) 改变了染色质结构,控制了基因活动.
- 在受精后,精子原氨酸被卵细胞基因组替代,从而启动胚胎基因组重编程.
研究的目的:
- 探索卵细胞中的表观遗传重编程机制及其对体细胞重编程的潜力.
- 研究胚胎技术中的表观遗传错误对干细胞特性的影响.
- 确定避免体细胞核转移 (SCNT) 中表观遗传错误的策略.
主要方法:
- 关于人类胚胎干细胞衍生和哺乳动物胚胎技术的最新研究的综述.
- 对卵细胞和早期胚胎中的表观遗传重编程过程的分析.
- 精子和体细胞染色质状态的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 人类胚胎干细胞系通过治疗性克隆和超数胚胎得到.
- 哺乳动物胚胎技术显示出对表观遗传错误的倾向,可能影响干细胞特征.
- 卵细胞拥有内在的机制来重编程精子基因组,为目标表观遗传操纵提供了一个模型.
结论:
- 识别卵细胞重编程机制可以使体细胞在体外重编程,绕过SCNT.
- 有针对性的表观遗传方法可以避免与当前SCNT方法相关的错误.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定表观遗传错误对人类胚胎干细胞的影响.
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