海洋沉没的人为二氧化碳
Christopher L Sabine1, Richard A Feely, Nicolas Gruber
1National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA. chris.sabine@noaa.gov
概括
在1800年至1994年间,海洋吸收了人类造成的二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放量的48%. 这项研究量化了海洋二氧化碳的沉降及其在减轻大气二氧化碳水平方面的作用.
科学领域:
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
背景情况:
- 大气中二氧化碳 (CO2) 度的上升是气候变化的主要驱动因素.
- 了解全球碳循环,包括海洋和陆地沉积点,对于气候建模至关重要.
- 以前对海洋二氧化碳吸收的估计有所不同,需要精确的测量.
研究的目的:
- 量化全球海洋人类造成的二氧化碳 (CO2) 从1800年至1994年沉没.
- 为了确定由海洋隔离的化石燃料和水泥制造排放的比例.
- 为了推断同一时期从陆地生物圈的净二氧化碳流量.
主要方法:
- 利用了20世纪90年代进行的全球海洋调查的无机碳测量结果.
- 采用基于痕迹的分离技术来区分人为二氧化碳和天然海洋碳.
- 计算了在指定的历史时期累积的海洋二氧化碳吸收.
主要成果:
- 据估计,1800年至1994年,全球海洋人类造成的二氧化碳下沉量为118+/- 19倍克的碳.
- 确定海洋沉吸收了大约48%的人为二氧化碳排放的总量.
- 推断到陆地生物圈作为二氧化碳的净来源,释放到大气中39 +/- 28 倍克的碳.
- 表明海洋目前储存了大约三分之一的长期潜在人为二氧化碳容量.
结论:
- 海洋在减轻人为二氧化碳排放方面发挥着重要作用,从1800年至1994年吸收了近一半的排放量.
- 在此期间,陆地生物圈一直是大气二氧化碳的净来源,这与一些假设相反.
- 海洋吸收人为产生的二氧化碳的能力很大,但目前的吸收仅占其总潜力的一小部分.
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