阿尔戈诺2是哺乳动物RNAi的催化引擎
Jidong Liu1, Michelle A Carmell, Fabiola V Rivas
1Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Watson School of Biological Sciences, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
概括
基因沉默使用RNA诱导沉默复合体 (RISC). 阿尔戈诺2蛋白为信使RNA裂变提供必要的"切片"活性,对于小鼠发育和RNA干扰反应至关重要.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 基因沉默是由RNA诱导的沉默复合体 (RISC) 介导的.
- RISC包括小干扰RNA (siRNA) 和阿尔戈诺特蛋白质.
- 哺乳动物细胞拥有多个具有不同功能的阿尔戈诺特蛋白质.
研究的目的:
- 研究哺乳动物阿尔戈诺特蛋白质的独特生物和生物化学作用.
- 为了确定负责信使RNA裂变活动的特定阿尔戈诺特蛋白.
- 阐明阿尔戈诺特在RISC中的催化功能的机制.
主要方法:
- 哺乳动物阿尔戈诺特蛋白质的比较分析.
- 生物化学分析以确定信使RNA裂变活性.
- 与古代阿尔戈诺特蛋白质的结构比较,以确定功能域.
- 对Argonaute2缺乏的小鼠和细胞系的分析.
主要成果:
- 阿尔戈纳特2是唯一一种具有信使RNA分裂活性的哺乳动物阿尔戈纳特蛋白.
- 阿尔戈诺2对小鼠发育和siRNA介导的基因沉默至关重要.
- 在Argonaute2的核糖核酶H域中的突变取消了RISC活动.
- 阿尔戈纳特蛋白质作为RISC的催化"切片器"组成部分.
结论:
- 阿尔戈诺2具有不可或缺的"切片器"活性,作为RNA干扰的催化引擎.
- 哺乳动物中独特的阿尔戈诺特蛋白质在基因调节中起着专门的作用.
- 了解Argonaute2的功能对于开发基于RNAi的疗法至关重要.
相关概念视频
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...


