阿富汗东部战争和镇压后的心理健康症状
Willem F Scholte1, Miranda Olff, Peter Ventevogel
1Academic Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. w.f.scholte@amc.uva.nl
JAMA
|August 5, 2004
概括
在阿富汗的南加哈尔发现了创伤事件和精神健康症状的高率,包括焦虑,抑郁和创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD). 这些发现凸显了需要人口层面的心理健康干预和初级保健支持.
科学领域:
- 全球心理健康全球心理健康
- 创伤和弹性研究 创伤和弹性研究
- 冲突后地区的公共卫生
背景情况:
- 几十年来,阿富汗的冲突导致了广泛的心理健康问题.
- 加哈尔省是一个与塔利班有历史联系的地区,可能有独特的心理健康挑战.
- 了解南加哈尔的心理健康环境对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估纳哈尔省遭受创伤事件的暴露.
- 为了确定创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD),抑郁症和焦虑症症状的患病率.
- 识别情绪支持资源,风险因素和基本需求覆盖.
主要方法:
- 一项对阿富汗南加哈尔省1011名成年人 (≥15岁) 的横截面调查 (2003年1月至3月).
- 利用哈佛创伤调查问卷对创伤后应激障碍和创伤暴露.
- 采用霍普金斯症状检查清单用于抑郁和焦虑;当地调查问卷用于支持资源.
主要成果:
- 超过43%的人经历了8-10次创伤事件;14%的人在过去十年中经历了11次以上的创伤事件.
- 症状发病率很高:抑郁症 (38.5%),焦虑症 (51.8%) 和PTSD (20.4%).
- 妇女的症状率明显高;宗教和家庭是主要的支持资源;医疗保健不足22.6%.
结论:
- 南加哈尔省的创伤暴露率和相关的心理健康症状很高.
- 焦虑,抑郁和PTSD症状很普遍,特别是在女性中.
- 应将心理健康支持纳入该地区的人口和初级医疗保健战略.
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