在人类细胞中,小干扰RNA诱导的转录基因沉默
Kevin V Morris1, Simon W-L Chan, Steven E Jacobsen
1Department of Medicine 0678, Stein Clinical Research Building, Room 302, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0678, USA. kmorris@coh.org
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 7, 2004
概括
小干扰RNA (siRNA) 可以使哺乳动物细胞中的基因转录沉默. 这一过程涉及DNA甲基化,需要siRNA的核进入,证明了保存的基因沉默机制.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 在RNA干扰过程中,RNA干扰
背景情况:
- 众所周知,小干扰RNA (siRNA) 和微RNA可以在多个层面上调节基因表达.
- 基因沉默机制对于细胞功能和发育至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究促进器导向siRNA在哺乳动物细胞中转录基因沉默的潜力.
- 确定涉及siRNA介导的转录沉默的机制,包括DNA甲基化和核运输.
主要方法:
- 使用了具有集成延长因子1alpha (EF1A) 促进剂-绿色光蛋白记者基因的人类组织培养细胞.
- 应用促进器导向的siRNA来准报告者和内生EF1A基因.
- 研究了DNA甲基化和核运输途径 (活性运输或晶体病毒转导) 在沉默过程中的作用.
主要成果:
- 促销器导向的siRNA成功抑制了EF1A促销器驱动的记者基因的转录.
- 内生EF1A基因转录也被siRNA抑制.
- 转录沉默与目标序列的DNA甲基化增加有关.
- 有效的沉默需要siRNA的活性核运输或通过lentiviral转导进行核包膜透.
结论:
- siRNA导向的转录沉默是哺乳动物中保存的机制.
- 这为通过表观遗传修饰来抑制哺乳动物基因功能提供了一种新的策略.
- 这些发现强调了核定位对于siRNA介导的转录基因沉默的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:23Types of RNA
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
02:15Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
01:20Types of RNA
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...