用稀释和未稀释天花疫苗接种疫苗的疫苗成功率和反应概况:随机对照试验
Thomas R Talbot1, Jack T Stapleton, Rebecca C Brady
1Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.S
JAMA
|September 9, 2004
概括
阿文蒂斯巴斯图尔天花疫苗 (APSV) 即使在稀释时也保持有效,支持库存扩张. 然而,稀释并没有减少疫苗反应,这可能仍然会影响日常活动.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 美国国家天花疫苗库存需要增加.
- 阿文蒂斯巴斯图尔天花疫苗 (APSV) 是20世纪50年代的一种冷制剂,与冷化疫苗同样有效.
- 稀释APSV剂量的疗效尚未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同Aventis Pasteur天花疫苗稀释剂的疫苗接种成功率.
- 为了比较与各种APSV稀释相关的局部和系统反应概况.
主要方法:
- 这是一项双盲,随机对照试验,涉及340名未接种疫苗的成年人.
- 参与者接受了未稀释的,1:5或1:10稀释的APSV.
- 疫苗接种的成功是由囊泡/囊泡的存在来定义的;反应和不良事件被监测.
主要成果:
- 所有组的成功接种率都很高 (总体为99.4%),稀释之间没有显著差异 (P=.33).
- 99.7%的参与者报告了局部症状;像淋巴腺病 (61.8%) 和发烧 (21.5%) 这样的全身反应很常见.
- 在稀释组之间没有观察到局部或全身反应的显著差异 (P>.05).
结论:
- 稀释的Aventis Pasteur天花疫苗 (APSV) 是有效的,使国家库存的潜在扩张.
- 疫苗的反应性没有通过稀释减少,并且仍然可以干扰日常活动.
- 即使是稀释形式的APSV,也代表了增加天花疫苗储备的可行选择.
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