儿童创造语言的核心特性:尼加拉瓜新兴手语的证据
Ann Senghas1, Sotaro Kita, Asli Ozyürek
1Department of Psychology, Barnard College of Columbia University, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA. annie@alum.mit.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 18, 2004
概括
孩子们自发地创造了一个新的手语,展示了天生的语言学习能力. 他们分类复杂的事件和结构化的表达式等级,建立基础的语言原则.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 人类学是人类学.
背景情况:
- 一种新的尼加拉瓜手语在25年内有机地出现.
- 这为语言起源和通用语言结构提供了一个独特的窗口.
研究的目的:
- 观察一个新的手语的初始创建和语言发展.
- 确定儿童在建立基本语言结构中的作用.
主要方法:
- 早期尼加拉瓜手语手势形式的分析.
- 观察连续的学习者队伍及其语言贡献.
主要成果:
- 孩子们将复杂的事件细分为基本元素,并创建分层结构.
- 这些原则并不存在于周围的口语手势中.
- 后来的学习者将手势系统改进为复杂的语言系统.
结论:
- 儿童早期的细分和重组能力是语言获取和延续的关键.
- 儿童内在的学习机制为语言提供了其核心结构.
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