西达尔富尔的暴力和死亡率,苏丹 (2003-04):来自四项调查的流行病学证据
Evelyn Depoortere1, Francesco Checchi, France Broillet
1Epicentre, Paris, France. depoortere@brussels.msf.org
Lancet (London, England)
|October 12, 2004
概括
达尔富尔的武装冲突导致高死亡率,特别是在成年男性中,即使在流离失所后. 这项研究强调了暴力对该地区平民造成的严重影响.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 冲突研究 冲突研究
背景情况:
- 达尔富尔冲突已使超过一百万人流离失所.
- 迫切需要有关死亡率的流行病学数据,以指导对国内流离失所者 (IDPs) 的人道主义援助.
研究的目的:
- 调查武装入侵对达尔富尔境内流离失所人口死亡率的影响.
- 为人道主义援助提供基于证据的建议.
主要方法:
- 在西达尔富尔四个地点 (2004年4月至6月) 进行了回顾性集群调查.
- 从215,400名国内流离失所者收集的数据,包括流离失所前后期间的死亡率回忆.
- 家长提供了有关死亡 (日期,原因,地点) 和家庭结构的详细信息.
主要成果:
- 在流离失所之前的死亡率因地点而异,暴力占死亡人数的68-93%.
- 与15岁以下的儿童相比,成年男性面临的死亡风险明显更高 (RR 29.1-117.9).
- 流离失所后的死亡率有所下降,但仍然高于紧急情况的基准;暴力继续.
- 幸存人口中的年龄和性别人口统计学偏差,男性的显著赤字.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了关键的流行病学证据,证明了冲突对达尔富尔平民人口的破坏性影响.
- 调查结果强调了人道主义危机的严重性,并与其他冲突地区观察到的模式保持一致.
- 加强了针对冲突影响的国内流离失所者进行有针对性的干预和援助的需要.
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