内脏增生症的血管生成依赖和独立阶段
Rohit Khurana1, Zhenwu Zhuang, Shalini Bhardwaj
1Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Department of Medicine, University College, London, UK.
Circulation
|October 13, 2004
概括
突发性血管生成刺激了内脏的加厚,这是动脉样硬化和静脉缩等血管疾病的关键因素. 然而,这个过程并没有启动厚化本身.
科学领域:
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- 心血管研究研究心血管研究
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
背景情况:
- 新极端的血管光滑肌细胞 (VSMC) 增殖驱动了诸如动脉样硬化和静脉复缩之类的封闭性血管疾病.
- 虽然血管新生与早期动脉瘤有关,但其在VSMC增殖中的作用尚不清楚.
- 穿皮冠状动脉干预可以诱导周周的血管新生,促使人们对其在新内形成中的作用进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在动脉损伤后的新心形成中,前进性血管生成的作用.
- 为了确定刺激或抑制血管生成是否会影响neointimal厚化.
主要方法:
- 动脉损伤的两种动物模型被用于诱导周周发生血管生成和新心形成.
- 使用血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF-A165) 或PR39来刺激血管新生.
- 使用可溶性VEGF受体1 (sFlt1) 或主导阴性FGF受体1 (FGF-R1DN) 抑制血管生成.
主要成果:
- 动脉损伤诱导了前进性血管生成和新心血管形成.
- 使用VEGF-A165或PR39刺激血管生成显著增加了neointimal厚度.
- 抑制VEGF或FGF信号减少了血管新生驱动的加厚,但不能防止伤害后的加厚.
- 抑制剂在没有血管生长因子的情况下防止新极度加厚是无效的.
结论:
- 冒险性血管新生作为激发内加厚的刺激作用.
- 血管新生并没有启动内脏变厚的过程;其启动涉及其他因素.
相关概念视频
Mechanism of Angiogenesis
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Vascular Spasm
The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...
Structure of Blood Vessels
Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...
Autoregulation of Blood Flow
Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Development of Blood Vessels
The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...


