在基因学中:确定一种调节H2-Ealpha基因表达的功能元素
Guochun Liao1, Jianmei Wang, Jingshu Guo
1Department of Genetics and Genomics, Roche Palo Alto, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1397, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 23, 2004
概括
一种新的计算方法通过将类型特征映射到类型组块来加速对小鼠遗传模型的分析. 这种方法可以准确地预测遗传特征,并识别功能性基因组元素,改进了对杂交小鼠菌株变异的研究.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 分析杂交小鼠菌株的遗传变异对于理解复杂的特征至关重要.
- 目前用于将表型特征映射到遗传变异的方法可能耗时.
- 识别功能性基因组元素需要复杂的分析方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种计算方法,用于将表型特征映射到内生小鼠菌株中的类型组块.
- 证明这种方法在识别菌株特异性特征和基因表达调节的遗传基础上的实用性.
- 为了加快对小鼠遗传模型的分析,以发现特征.
主要方法:
- 开发一种新的计算算法,用于将表型变异与类型组块关联起来.
- 应用该方法来预测已知菌株特异性特征的遗传基础.
- 使用该方法识别一个功能性基因组元素,调节H2-Ealpha基因表达.
主要成果:
- 计算方法成功预测了几种生物学上重要的菌株特异性表型特征的遗传基础.
- 在第一个intron中确定了一种调节H2-Ealpha基因表达的等位基因特异性功能基因组元素.
- 该元素含有转录因子YY1和血清反应因子的结合位.
结论:
- 开发的计算方法显著提高了识别内生小鼠菌株表型变异的遗传基础的能力.
- 这种方法适用于各种数据类型,包括定性特征和定量基因表达.
- 这些发现有助于更深入地了解小鼠模型中的基因型-表型关系.
相关概念视频
01:42What is Gene Expression?
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
02:16Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
01:30General Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...