机遇漫游车的雅典娜科学调查在火星的Meridiani Planum,火星
S W Squyres1, R E Arvidson, J F Bell
1Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. squyres@astro.cornell.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 4, 2004
概括
火星探测车"机遇"号发现了过去液态水存在的证据,这些证据是在它在梅里迪亚尼平面 (Meridiani Planum) 的着陆地点发现的. 富含硫酸盐的沉积岩石表明,水偶尔淹没和蒸发,支持一个水的古代火星.
科学领域:
- 行星科学 行星科学
- 地质地质地质地质地质地
- 天体生物学 天体生物学
背景情况:
- 火星探测车机遇 (Opportunity) 调查了老坑和梅里迪亚尼平面.
- 表面土壤是基岩砂,含有富含血的球体和风浪.
- 暴露的沉积岩在土壤层下面.
研究的目的:
- 研究Meridiani Planum的地质组成和沉积环境.
- 确定水在火星沉积岩的形成中的作用.
- 描述血球体的性质. 描述血球体的性质.
主要方法:
- 机遇探测器的现场分析.
- 地质地图绘制和岩层的观测.
- 分析土壤和岩石组成,包括硫和硫酸盐含量.
主要成果:
- 沉积岩是细层的,富含硫的,并且含有丰富的硫酸盐.
- 有小规模交叉层化的证据表明,沉积在流动的液态水中.
- 富含血的球体,被解释为二代性凝固,嵌入岩石中并从岩石中侵蚀.
结论:
- 梅里迪亚尼平原的岩石是化学和状沉积物的混合物.
- 偶尔出现的浅水,然后蒸发和干燥,形成了这些岩石.
- 混凝土的存在进一步支持涉及液态水的沉积后透析.
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