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相关概念视频

Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

Overview
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.Positive Frequency-Dependent SelectionIn positive...
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...
Law of Segregation01:49

Law of Segregation

When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...

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Two orthodenticle-related genes in the short-germ beetle Tribolium castaneum.

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The Tribolium decapentaplegic gene is similar in sequence, structure, and expression to the Drosophila dpp gene.

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piggyBac-based insertional mutagenesis in Tribolium castaneum using donor/helper hybrids.

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The Tribolium chitin synthase genes TcCHS1 and TcCHS2 are specialized for synthesis of epidermal cuticle and midgut peritrophic matrix.

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 27, 2026

Microinjection of Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, Embryos for Germline Transformation, or CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing
07:42

Microinjection of Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, Embryos for Germline Transformation, or CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

Published on: April 27, 2018

在面粉甲虫中的母性效应自私基因

R W Beeman1, K S Friesen, R E Denell

  • 1U.S. Grain Marketing Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 3, 1992
PubMed
概括

一个新发现的母亲效应致命的M因子类别在面粉甲虫中很常见. 这些因素通过对缺少这些因素的后代造成致命性,确保他们自己的遗传,通过种群传播.

科学领域:

  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学
  • 人口遗传学 人口遗传学

背景情况:

  • 主导的母性效应致死因素可以影响人口遗传学.
  • 这些因素在自然种群中的流行程度和机制尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 调查Tribolium castaneum中一种新型类型的孕产妇效应致死因子的发生和性质.

主要方法:

  • 在各大洲收集了Tribolium castaneum和Tribolium confusum种群的现场采集.
  • 基因分析用于识别和表征M因子及其整合到宿主染色体中.
  • 评估M因子的自我选择和救援特性.

主要成果:

  • 在自然的Tribolium castaneum种群中发现了一种广泛的,以前未知的主导性,母性效应致命的M因子类.
  • 这些M因子集成到宿主染色体中,并表现出自我选择,导致没有副本的后代死亡.
  • 在没有额外的选择性优势的情况下,M因子会使M携带的染色体延续其非M同类的染色体.
  • 在相关物种Tribolium confusum.中也发现了类似的因素.

结论:

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  • 发现的M因子代表了一种新的遗传机制,驱使它们在人群中传播.
  • 这些因素可以显著影响Tribolium种群的遗传结构和进化.
  • 这些发现表明,在自然种群中,快速基因变化和适应的潜在机制.