从长期大气测量中推断出的欧洲低甲基化排放量
Stefan Reimann1, Alistair J Manning, Peter G Simmonds
1Empa, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland. stefan.reimann@empa.ch
Nature
|February 4, 2005
概括
欧洲甲基化 (CH3CCl3) 排放量低于此前的预期,尽管消费量高于预期. 这一发现影响了基 (OH) 丰度计算.
科学领域:
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 臭氧层的消耗 臭氧层的消耗
背景情况:
- 甲基甲 (1,1,1-三乙) 是一种被广泛使用的溶剂,由于其臭氧损耗特性在蒙特利尔议定书下被逐步淘汰.
- 最近的估计表明欧洲甲基的排放量非常低 (<0.1 Gg/年),但短期活动 (EXPORT) 表示2000年的排放量要高得多 (>20 Gg/年).
- 甲基甲排放的差异显著影响用于确定全球基 (OH) 丰度的CH3CCl3方法的准确性,这对于了解空气污染,臭氧损耗和气候变化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用长期大气数据准确推断欧洲甲基化排放.
- 调和基于消费的估计和基于竞选的调查结果之间的差异.
- 评估修订的排放数据对基 (OH) 丰度计算的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自爱尔兰梅斯头和瑞士夫罗霍的长期高频大气数据.
- 应用大气建模技术,根据观察到的度推断甲基甲酸排放.
- 将推断的排放量与消费数据和之前的竞选估计进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 欧洲的甲基化排放量从20世纪90年代中期的每年约60千克减少.
- 2000年至2003年的排放估计在每年0.3-1.4亿克 (梅斯头) 和每年1.9-3.4亿克 (Jungfraujoch) 之间.
- 假定的排放量高于消费数据,但远低于EXPORT活动2000年的估计.
结论:
- 自20世纪90年代中期以来,欧洲的甲基化排放量大幅下降.
- 修订后的排放估计为计算全球基 (OH) 丰度提供了更准确的基础.
- 这些差异凸显了持续,长期监测对于理解大气微量气体动态的重要性.
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