由线粒体DNA揭示的克隆沙兰血统的古老性
C M Spolsky1, C A Phillips, T Uzzell
1Department of Ecology, Ethology and Evolution, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Nature
|April 23, 1992
概括
克隆分子表现出独特的线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 分歧,这表明尽管遗传变异有限,但长期持久. 这挑战了关于无性脊椎动物寿命的假设.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 类学 类学 类学 类学
背景情况:
- 性繁殖在真核生物中几乎无处不在,克隆繁殖通常被视为有限的替代方案.
- 克隆生物因受限的遗传变异而面临适应性挑战,导致短期寿命的假设.
- 克隆种群中的线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 变异通常归因于有限的杂交事件.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究克隆,杂交,妇产遗传的进化持久性和遗传多样性.
- 为了比较克隆鱼的mtDNA与它们的性亲属,推断进化历史.
- 评估克隆脊椎动物种群是否比以前假设的寿命更长.
主要方法:
- 分析了线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 的平均373个核酸对.
- 克隆鱼 (Ambystoma) 和它们最近的性亲属 (A. jeffersonianum,A. laterale,A. texanum) 之间的mtDNA序列的比较.
- 基于mtDNA分歧的典型速率的谱系持久性的估计.
主要成果:
- 克隆性鱼的mtDNA与它们的最近的性亲属有5%或更多的差异.
- 这些克隆血统估计持续了大约500万年.
- 在克隆系内观察到较低的mtDNA变异性,这表明普莱斯托时代人口减少.
结论:
- 克隆性鱼象征着长寿的无性脊椎动物血统,持续数百万年.
- 这些遗传数据挑战了克隆脊椎动物必然寿命短暂的观念.
- 观察到的低mtDNA变异性可能反映了普莱斯托时代人口瓶.
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