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里约格兰德裂的岩层结构

David Wilson¹, Richard Aster, Michael West

¹Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Geophysical Research Center, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA. davew@ees.nmt.edu

|February 25, 2005

概括

一项地震研究揭示了里奥格兰德裂的纯剪切裂,由广泛的下层地延伸驱动. 这解释了该地区与其他裂系统相比,火山活动有限.

科学领域:

地质物理学地质物理学
构造学构造学构造学构造学
地震学地震学

背景情况:

里奥格兰德裂是大陆裂的一个关键例子.
了解它的演变对于板块构造学理论至关重要.

研究的目的:

使用被动地震数据,对里奥格兰德裂的地下结构进行成像.
确定裂机制及其对地幔动态和火山活动的影响.

主要方法:

进行了高分辨率的区域性被动地震实验.
综合地震数据与地化学和其他地物理证据.

主要成果:

产生了上层地幔速度结构和地地幔地形图的新图像.
揭示了高度对称的下层地和上层地幔石质层延伸变形.
观察到下层地的延伸分布在裂表面宽度的四倍的区域.

结论:

里奥格兰德裂很可能是通过纯切割裂机制形成的.
横向分布的延伸,受低应变率和高地热的影响,形成了裂.
与其他裂相比,地幔上升的焦点较小,导致火山活动的赤字.

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