长期补充维生素E对心血管事件和癌症的影响:随机对照试验
Eva Lonn1, Jackie Bosch, Salim Yusuf
1Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario.
JAMA
|March 17, 2005
概括
在患有血管疾病或糖尿病的患者中,长期补充维生素E并不能预防癌症或心血管事件. 该研究发现,使用维生素E会增加心力衰竭的风险.
科学领域:
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,维生素E可能会预防癌症和心血管事件.
- 临床试验往往未能证实这些益处,可能是由于持续时间不足.
研究的目的:
- 评估长期补充维生素E是否可以降低癌症,癌症死亡率和主要心血管事件的风险.
- 评估维生素E在患有血管疾病或糖尿病的患者的长期影响.
主要方法:
- 一个随机,双盲,安慰剂对照试验 (HOPE-TOO) 延长了最初的HOPE试验.
- 参与者 (n=7030) 每天接受维生素E (400 IU) 或安慰剂,随访时间中位数为7.0年.
- 主要结局包括癌症发病率/死亡率和主要心血管事件;次要结局包括心力衰竭.
主要成果:
- 对于癌症发病率 (11.6%对12.3%),癌症死亡 (3.3%对3.7%) 或主要心血管事件 (21.5%对20.6%) 在维生素E和安慰剂组之间没有发现显著差异.
- 接受维生素E的患者表现出统计学上显著的心力衰竭风险更高 (RR,1.13;P = .03) 和因心力衰竭住院 (RR,1.21;P = .045).
- 这些发现在整体HOPE试验群体和参与HOPE-TOO扩展的子组中都是一致的.
结论:
- 长期服用维生素E补充剂 (每天400 IU) 在患有血管疾病或糖尿病的人群中预防癌症或主要心血管事件是无效的.
- 维生素E补充剂可能与此患者群体心力衰竭风险增加有关.
相关概念视频
Cancer Prevention
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
Cancer Prevention
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
What is an Experiment?
An experiment is a planned activity carried out under controlled conditions. The purpose of an experiment is to investigate the relationship between two variables. When one variable causes change in another, we call the first variable the explanatory or independent variable. The affected variable is called the response or dependent variable. In a randomized experiment, the researcher manipulates values of the explanatory variable and measures the resulting changes in the response variable. The...
Longitudinal Studies
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures
Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
Atherosclerosis III: Management
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
