海洋生态系统的衰退是由大西洋翻转循环的减少引起的
1College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 COAS Admin. Bldg, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA. aschmittner@coas.oregonstate.edu
Nature
|April 1, 2005
概括
大西洋南部翻转循环 (AMOC) 的中断可以大大减少北大西洋浮游生物和全球海洋生产力. 气候模型显示,这种海洋生态系统对AMOC变化敏感,影响全球食物网.
科学领域:
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
背景情况:
- 大西洋南部翻转循环 (AMOC) 历史上推动了重大的气候变化.
- 气候模型预测,人为全球变暖可能会引发AMOC重组.
研究的目的:
- 用气候建模研究海洋生态系统对AMOC破坏的反应.
- 评估AMOC变化对浮游生物质和海洋生产力的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用集体模拟与相结合的气候生态系统模型.
- 采用中等复杂度的模型来模拟AMOC干扰.
- 分析了浮游生物库存,混合层深度和营养度的变化.
主要成果:
- 模拟的AMOC干扰导致北大西洋浮游生物质减少了50%以上.
- 冬季混合层堆积和与深层营养来源的分离是关键机制.
- 全球出口产量下降了20%以上,原因是营养物质上游的减少.
- 上海的营养物质枯竭进一步导致生产率下降.
结论:
- 海洋生态系统,特别是浮游生物种群,对AMOC变化非常敏感.
- 模型结果与古记录数据一致,支持AMOC和海洋生产力之间的联系.
- 未来的AMOC中断对全球海洋生产力和海洋食物网构成重大风险.
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