在核糖体上mRNA的转化运算子:抑制蛋白如何排除核糖体结合的抑制蛋白
Lasse Jenner1, Pascale Romby, Bernard Rees
1Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.
概括
这项研究揭示了信使RNA (mRNA) 结构如何与细菌核糖体结合,解释了抑制蛋白的翻译调节机制. 了解这种核糖体-mRNA相互作用是控制基因表达的关键.
科学领域:
- 结构生物学是结构生物学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 核糖体是负责蛋白质合成的细胞机械.
- 使者RNA (mRNA) 携带从DNA到核糖体的遗传信息.
- 翻译运算符是控制蛋白质合成的mRNA的调节元素.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与Thermus thermophilus核糖体结合的mRNA的结构基础.
- 阐明翻译运营商规范翻译启动的机制.
- 了解抑制蛋白如何与mRNA结合的核糖体相互作用.
主要方法:
- 用启动转移RNA (tRNA) 和结构化mRNA对Thermus thermophilus核糖体进行联合结晶.
- 高分辨率 (5.5安格斯特罗姆) 的冷电子显微镜.
- 使用和不使用mRNA,以及使用非结构化的mRNA进行比较结构分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了mRNA路径和30S核糖体子单元上的转化运算子干循环的精确定位.
- 发起者tRNA和操作者结合在具有未被占用tRNA退出部位的核糖体上被观察到,这是启动复合体的特征.
- 运营商的监管领域的位置使其能够实现压缩器介导的翻译抑制.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了抑制剂介导的翻译控制的分子机制.
- 它强调了特定的mRNA在核糖体上的定位对于调节功能的重要性.
- 这些发现表明,mRNA控制元素在核糖体内如何起作用的一般模型.
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相关概念视频
Types of RNA
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Types of RNA
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
