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Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
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作为早期人类瘤形成中的候选抗癌障碍物的DNA损伤反应
Jirina Bartkova1, Zuzana Horejsí, Karen Koed
1Institute of Cancer Biology and Centre for Genotoxic Stress Research, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. jb@cancer.dk
Nature
|April 15, 2005
概括
早期的癌细胞激活DNA损伤反应以防止瘤生长. 这种ATM-Chk2-p53通路的缺陷可能导致癌症进展和基因组不稳定.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 癌症进化涉及瘤性压力,促使细胞反应消除新生的瘤.
- 瘤性压力的确切性质以及它诱导的抗癌障碍仍然不清楚.
- 了解这些早期细胞反应对于癌症的预防和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究早期人类瘤中DNA损伤反应.
- 确定在瘤发生过程中参与抗癌屏障的分子途径.
- 确定这种反应在预防癌症进展中的作用.
主要方法:
- 分析不同阶段不同类型的人类瘤 (膀,乳腺,肺,结肠) 的临床样本.
- 检测DNA损伤反应标记物,包括化ATM,Chk2,基因素H2AX和p53.
- 在表达基因的培养细胞中诱导检查点反应.
- 基因分析,包括对代基因失衡的全基因组评估.
主要成果:
- 早期的人类瘤前体病变通常表达激活的DNA损伤反应标记.
- 在培养细胞中的癌基因表达诱导了类似的检查点反应.
- 鉴定出ATR/ATM调节的DNA损伤反应网络在瘤发生的早期是活跃的.
- 在ATM-Chk2-p53途径的突变与增加的增殖,生存和基因组不稳定性有关.
结论:
- 激活的DNA损伤反应在人类瘤发生过程中起到早期的抗癌障碍作用.
- 这个由ATR/ATM监管的网络可以延迟或阻止癌症的发展.
- 损害检查点,特别是涉及ATM-Chk2-p53,促进瘤进展和基因组不稳定.
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