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与体重不足,超重和肥胖相关的过度死亡
Katherine M Flegal1, Barry I Graubard, David F Williamson
1National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Md 20782, USA. kflegal@cdc.gov
JAMA
|April 21, 2005
概括
肥胖和体重不足与美国死亡率的增加有关,而超重并没有显示过度死亡率. 肥胖和死亡率之间的关联可能随着时间的推移而减少.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 美国肥胖率上升与对体重和过度死亡率的担忧有关.
- 了解各种身体质量指数 (BMI) 类别对死亡率的影响对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化2000年美国与体重不足 (BMI <18.5),超重 (BMI 25至<30) 和肥胖 (BMI ≥30) 相关的死亡人数.
主要方法:
- 利用了国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) I,II和III的数据,并进行了长期跟踪.
- 估计了BMI类别的相对死亡风险,并将其应用于人口的BMI分布,以计算过剩的死亡,并调整混因素.
主要成果:
- 肥胖 (BMI ≥30) 与估计的111,909例超重死亡有关,体重不足与33746例超重死亡有关,相对于正常体重 (BMI 18.5至<25).
- 超重 (BMI 25至<30) 与过度死亡率无关,显示负估计为-86,094例死亡.
- 与NHANES I相比,与肥胖相关的死亡率的相对风险在较晚的NHANES队列 (II和III) 中似乎较低.
结论:
- 体重不足和肥胖,特别是肥胖程度较高,与正常体重相比,死亡率增加有关.
- 随着时间的推移,肥胖对死亡率的影响正在减少,这可能反映出公共卫生和医疗保健的改善.
- 这些发现与美国预期寿命的增加和缺血性心脏病死亡率的降低一致.
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