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Published on: January 26, 2017
基因素H3球状域中的乙化调节了酵母酵母中的基因表达
Feng Xu1, Kangling Zhang, Michael Grunstein
1Department of Biological Chemistry, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Boyer Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Cell
|May 11, 2005
概括
基因组H3 lysine 56乙化,在球状域的一个新网站,通过招募SWI/SNF复合体来调节基因活性. 这一过程对于激活Saccharomyces cerevisiae中的基因,特别是编码基因质子的基因至关重要.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 酵母遗传学 酵母遗传学
背景情况:
- 基因乙化通常发生在N端尾部,调节基因活性.
- 核细胞核结构在DNA可访问性和基因调节方面发挥着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和表征新的基因素乙化位点.
- 研究素56 (K56) 乙化在基因调节中的作用.
- 阐明K56乙化影响基因转录的机制.
主要方法:
- 局部导向的突变发生,以研究素H3 K56.6.
- 在Saccharomyces cerevisiae中分析基因表达模式.
- 染色体免疫沉以评估蛋白质-DNA相互作用.
- 生物化学试验以确定SPT10和Snf5.5的功能.
主要成果:
- 鉴定了素56 (K56) 在 histone H3 中作为位于球状域的新型乙化位点.
- K56乙化优先在活性基因上进行丰富,包括基因组蛋白基因.
- SPT10是一种假定的乙转移酶,对于细胞周期特定的基因基因基因的K56乙化至关重要.
- 希斯H3 K56乙化促进了SWI/SNF核细胞重塑复合物的Snf5亚单元的招募.
结论:
- 基因组H3 K56乙化作为核细胞进出点的调节机制.
- 这种乙化事件对于招募SWI/SNF复合体至关重要,从而调节基因活性.
- 这一发现揭示了在酵母中对基因表达的表观遗传控制的新层.
相关概念视频
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Euchromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Heterochromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

