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CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

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CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Stereotaxic Microinjection of Viral Vectors Expressing Cre Recombinase to Study the Role of Target Genes in Cocaine Conditioned Place Preference
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在可卡因使用者中冠状动脉动脉瘤的患病率增加.

Aaron Satran1, Bradley A Bart, Christopher R Henry

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, USA.

Circulation
|May 11, 2005
PubMed
概括

可卡因使用与年轻成年人冠状动脉动脉瘤 (CAA) 的更高患病率有关. 这项研究发现30.4%的可卡因使用者有CAA,而对照组为7.6%,这表明可卡因可能会促进CAA的形成.

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科学领域:

  • 心脏病学 心脏病学
  • 血管医学 血管医学
  • 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学

背景情况:

  • 可卡因滥用与各种心血管并发症有关.
  • 冠状动脉动脉瘤 (CAA) 很少见,通常与动脉样硬化或川崎病有关.
  • 之前的观察发现年轻可卡因使用者的CAAs,促使进一步调查.

研究的目的:

  • 为了确定冠状动脉动脉瘤 (CAA) 在有可卡因使用史的人群中的患病率.
  • 为了比较可卡因使用者和接受冠心血管造影的对照组之间的CAA率.

主要方法:

  • 一个回顾性分析比较了112名可卡因使用者与来自现有血管图形数据库的对照组.
  • 冠状动脉动脉图由三个盲人读者独立审查.
  • 分析了包括心血管风险因素在内的临床和人口统计数据.

主要成果:

  • 可卡因使用者更年轻 (平均年龄44岁),主要是男性 (80%),吸烟者 (95%).
  • 与对照组 (7.6%) 相比,可卡因使用者 (30.4%) 的CAAs患病率显著更高 (P<0.001).
  • 在单变量和多变量分析中,可卡因使用被确定为CAA的强有力的预测因素.

结论:

  • 这项研究确定了可卡因使用与冠状动脉动脉瘤 (CAA) 之间首次报告的关联.
  • 在年轻可卡因使用者中,CAAs的高患病率 (30.4%) 是意想不到的.
  • 可卡因使用可能会导致CAA的发展,可能会增加心肌梗塞的风险.