咖啡消费和2型糖尿病的风险:一个系统性审查
1Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands. rvandam@hsph.harvard.edu <rvandam@hsph.harvard.edu>
JAMA
|July 7, 2005
概括
较高的咖啡消费量与患2型糖尿病的风险明显降低有关. 这次系统性审查分析了15项研究,发现即使在适度摄入的情况下,风险也会降低.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 代谢疾病 代谢疾病
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 新出现的流行病学数据表明,咖啡摄入量与2型糖尿病风险之间存在潜在的逆关系.
- 调查这种关联对于公共卫生和预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析检查习惯性咖啡消费与2型糖尿病风险之间的关联的流行病学研究.
- 探索与咖啡摄入相关的相关代谢结果.
主要方法:
- 使用MEDLINE进行了全面的文献搜索,确定了15项相关的流行病学研究 (队列和横截面).
- 数据提取包括研究设计,参与者特征,咖啡消费和结果措施,由两名研究人员进行独立审查.
- 对9项队列研究 (193,473名参与者,8394例) 的元分析使用随机效应模型进行.
主要成果:
- 较高的咖啡消费量 (≥6-7杯/天) 与2型糖尿病风险降低35%有关 (RR=0.65,95% CI:0.54-0.78).
- 适度饮用 (4-6杯/天) 与低饮用 (0-2杯/天) 相比,也显示风险降低 (RR=0.72,95% CI:0.62-0.83).
- 横截面研究表明,咖啡摄入量较高与高血糖的患病率较低之间存在一致的关联,特别是在食后.
结论:
- 这一系统性审查强烈支持了习惯性咖啡消费与显著降低2型糖尿病风险相关的假设.
- 建议进行进一步的干预研究,以阐明咖啡消费与葡萄糖代谢和糖尿病预防有关的潜在机制.
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