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相关概念视频

Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry02:23

SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry

In an SN2 reaction, the nucleophilic attack on the substrate and departure of the leaving group occurs simultaneously through a transition state. As the nucleophile approaches the substrate from the back-side, the configuration of the substrate carbon changes from tetrahedral to trigonal bipyramidal and then back to tetrahedral, leading to an inversion in the configuration of the product.
If the substrate is an achiral molecule at the α-carbon, the inversion of configuration is not observed.
SN1 Reaction: Stereochemistry02:15

SN1 Reaction: Stereochemistry

This lesson provides an in-depth discussion of the stereochemical outcomes in an SN1 reaction.
In the first step of an SN1 reaction, the bond between the electrophilic carbon and the leaving group ionizes to generate the carbocation intermediate. The second step of the mechanism is the nucleophilic attack.
In the formed carbocation, the positively charged carbon is sp2 hybridized with a trigonal planar geometry. As all the three substituents lie on the same plane, a plane of symmetry for the...
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration02:34

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration

The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.
Nitriles to Ketones: Grignard Reaction00:57

Nitriles to Ketones: Grignard Reaction

Organomagnesium halides, commonly known as Grignard reagents, convert nitriles to ketones and proceed through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. Nitriles react with a Grignard reagent, followed by an aqueous acid, to yield ketones. The reaction introduces a new carbon–carbon bond. The alkyl–magnesium bond in the Grignard reagent is highly polar, so the alkyl carbon develops a carbanionic character and acts as a nucleophile.
The mechanism begins with a nucleophilic attack by the Grignard reagent...
Stereochemical Effects of Enolization01:12

Stereochemical Effects of Enolization

The chiral α-carbon of the carbonyl compound is the stereocenter of the molecule. As shown in the figure below, when such a carbonyl compound undergoes racemization under an acidic or basic condition, an achiral enol is formed.

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
06:31

Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators

Published on: November 27, 2015

催化性纳米选择性Negishi反应的racemic二次基化物.

Forrest O Arp1, Gregory C Fu

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 28, 2005
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究引入了使用催化剂的第一个racemic二次基化物对抗选择性交叉合. 这种高效的方法简化了复杂生物活性分子的合成.

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Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
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Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

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A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis
07:06

A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis

Published on: February 16, 2020

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
06:31

Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators

Published on: November 27, 2015

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
07:36

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Published on: November 9, 2019

A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis
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科学领域:

  • 有机化学 有机化学
  • 催化剂是一种催化剂.
  • 合成化学 合成化学

背景情况:

  • 酵素选择性合成对于产生具有特定生物活动的性分子至关重要.
  • 开发用于二次化的交叉合反应的高效方法仍然是一个挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 报告第一个种族二次基化物对抗选择性交叉合.
  • 为这种转化开发一种实用且强大的催化Negishi反应.

主要方法:

  • 利用催化Negishi反应与商用和空气稳定的催化剂组件.
  • 在不严格的氧气和湿度条件下进行的反应,允许空气设置.

主要成果:

  • 首次实现了种族二次基化物 (化物和化物) 的对抗选择性交叉合.
  • 证明了该方法在合成生物活性化合物的关键中间体中的适用性,包括tricentrin A和一种雄激素受体激动剂.

结论:

  • 开发了一种实用且高效的方法,用于二次基化合物的酶选择性合成.
  • 该方法提供了一种宝贵的工具,用于访问药物发现和天然产品合成的性构建块.