麻疹疫苗接种对医疗保健利用率的影响
Fangjun Zhou1, Rafael Harpaz, Aisha O Jumaan
1National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga 30333, USA. faz1@cdc.gov
JAMA
|August 18, 2005
概括
脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种计划显著减少了水病例和医疗保健成本. 在疫苗引入后,疹的医疗访问和支出在所有年龄组急剧下降.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 1995年,在美国推使用水疫苗进行常规免疫接种.
- 疾病发病率有所下降,但缺乏全面的利用数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估水疫苗接种计划对医疗访问的影响.
- 评估相关的医疗保健支出.
主要方法:
- 基于人口的回顾性研究 (1994-2002).
- 利用来自美国大型雇主的MarketScan数据库.
- 用疫苗接种前数据作为基线分析了与水相关的住院,门诊和支出.
主要成果:
- 腹住院病例减少了88%,门诊病例减少了59%.
- 在所有年龄组观察到的下降,最显著的是婴儿.
- 对水的直接医疗支出总额下降了74%.
结论:
- 脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种计划导致住院和门诊次数大幅减少.
- 与水相关的医疗保健支出在全国范围内急剧下降.
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