住院医生准备好提供跨文化护理
Joel S Weissman1, Joseph Betancourt, Eric G Campbell
1Institute for Health Policy and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA. jweissman@partners.org
JAMA
|September 8, 2005
概括
住院医生认为跨文化护理很重要,但缺乏足够的培训和准备. 教育差距凸显了改善文化能力的必要性,以减少健康差异.
科学领域:
- 医疗教育 医学教育
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 文化能力 文化能力
背景情况:
- 医学研究所的报告强调跨文化培训以解决医疗保健差异.
- 人们对住院医生在跨文化护理方面的教育经验的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估住院医生对跨文化护理的态度.
- 评估居民为为不同患者群体提供护理的准备.
- 检查与跨文化培训相关的教育经验和气候.
主要方法:
- 在2003年,对3435名最后一年住院医生的分层随机样本进行了一项调查.
- 参与者代表了美国学术健康中心的各种专业.
- 响应率为60% (2047名医生).
主要成果:
- 96%的居民认为解决文化问题很重要.
- 虽然8%的受访者普遍认为他们没有做好准备,但更高的比例在特定领域缺乏准备 (例如,有不同的健康信仰的患者,移民).
- 很大一部分人表示在跨文化照顾方面培训 (33-50%) 和评估 (41-83%) 不足,他们认为缺乏时间和榜样是障碍.
结论:
- 住院医生对跨文化护理的自我准备程度明显低于临床/技术技能.
- 尽管被认为很重要,跨文化护理在居住期间获得了有限的时间,培训,评估和角色模拟.
- 跨文化教育的实质性改进是必要的,以有效地减少种族和民族健康差异.
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