减少工作时间对居民生活的影响:系统审查
Kathlyn E Fletcher1, Willie Underwood, Steven Q Davis
1Department of Internal Medicine, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center/Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53295, USA. kathlyn.fletcher@med.va.gov
JAMA
|September 8, 2005
概括
减少居民工作时间提高了生活质量,但对教育产生了不同的影响. 需要更严格的研究来了解这些工作时间限制的长期影响.
科学领域:
- 医学教育研究 医学教育研究
- 医生福利 医生福利
- 工作时间条例 工作时间条例
背景情况:
- 研究生医学教育认证委员会在2003年强制规定了居民的工作时间限制,旨在改善居民福祉并解决睡眠不足问题.
- 这些规定可能会影响居民生活的各个方面,而不仅仅是睡眠和疲劳.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查现有的关于旨在减少居民工作时间的干预措施影响的文献.
- 评估这些干预措施对居民教育和生活质量的影响.
主要方法:
- 从1966年到2005年4月,使用MEDLINE,EMBASE和当前内容进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括的研究评估了旨在减轻居民工作时间,疲劳或睡眠剥夺的系统变化,结果与美国居民有关.
- 数据提取和质量评估由两名调查人员独立对54篇所包含的文章进行.
主要成果:
- 减少居民工作时间的干预措施包括浮动团队,额外的保险和医生延长.
- 测量结果包括操作经验,测试成绩,满意度,睡眠时间和幸福感.
- 虽然居民的生活质量总体上有所改善,但对工作经验和教育质量的影响是混合的. 许多研究都受到设计限制的影响.
结论:
- 减少工作时间可能会改善居民的生活质量,但研究的局限性阻碍了最终的结论.
- 减少居民工作时间的长期教育影响仍然不确定.
- 未来的干预措施需要更严格的评估方法,并应探索居民福祉和患者护理质量之间的关系.
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