减少吸烟对肺癌风险的影响
Nina S Godtfredsen1, Eva Prescott, Merete Osler
1The Copenhagen Centre for Prospective Population Studies, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre at the Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. duegodt@dadlnet.dk
JAMA
|September 29, 2005
概括
减少50%的每日香烟摄入量显著降低了重度吸烟者的肺癌风险. 这种减少危害的策略为无法完全戒烟的吸烟者提供了一个可行的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 许多吸烟者很难完全戒烟,因此需要减少危害的策略.
- 减少每天的香烟消费是减少危害的方法之一.
- 减少吸烟对与烟草有关的疾病风险的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查吸烟减少与肺癌发病率之间的关联.
- 量化那些减少吸烟的人群中肺癌风险的降低.
- 为了在不同的吸烟行为中比较肺癌风险.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的观察性队列研究使用了来自哥本哈根未来人口研究中心的数据.
- 19,714名20-93岁的参与者 (11,151名男性,8563名女性) 进行了长达31年的随访.
- 参与者被分为几组:持续大吸烟者,减少吸烟者 (≥50%的减少),轻度吸烟者,戒烟者,前吸烟者和从未吸烟者.
主要成果:
- 在随访期间,共记录了864例肺癌事件.
- 与持续的重度吸烟者相比,至少50%的吸烟减少 (减少者) 与肺癌风险比率 (HR) 降低了27% (HR=0.73).
- 在轻度吸烟者 (HR=0.44),戒烟者 (HR=0.50),稳定前吸烟者 (HR=0.17) 和从未吸烟者 (HR=0.09) 中也观察到显著的风险降低.
结论:
- 对于每天吸15支或更多支烟的人来说,减少50%的吸烟量显著降低了肺癌的风险.
- 减少吸烟是预防肺癌的可行的减少危害策略.
- 这些发现支持公共卫生倡议,鼓励那些无法或不想戒烟的人减少吸烟.
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