转基因油植物中的脂肪酸生物合成被重定向到中链
T A Voelker1, A C Worrell, L Anderson
1Calgene, Inc., Davis, CA 95616.
概括
这项研究揭示了植物如何使用特定的酶合成中链脂肪酸 (MCFA). 在Arabidopsis thaliana种子中表达这种酶导致劳拉酸的产量增加,证明了MCFA的新植物合成途径.
科学领域:
- 植物生物化学 植物生物化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 中链脂肪酸 (MCFA) 是植物脂质中发现的有价值的可再生资源.
- 没有化的加利福尼亚海湾种子自然会积累劳拉特 (12:0),一种特定的中链脂肪酸.
- 乙载体蛋白质铁酶是参与脂肪酸合成的酶.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述负责加利福尼亚湾中中链脂肪酸积累的酶.
- 在模型植物系统中展示这种酶的功能表达.
- 阐明植物中中链脂肪酸合成的机制.
主要方法:
- 从加利福尼亚湾种子中净化和测序一个12:0-乙载体蛋白质硫乙酶 (BTE).
- 克隆编码BTE的塑向前蛋白的补充DNA (cDNA).
- 在Arabidopsis thaliana.种子中的BTEcDNA的表达.
主要成果:
- 在Arabidopsis thaliana种子中BTE的表达导致了显著的BTE活动.
- 中链脂肪酸积聚在种子中,取代长链脂肪酸 (≥16).
- 劳拉酸 (12:0) 成为占主导地位的脂肪酸物种,并储存在三糖醇中.
结论:
- 一种特定的12:0-乙载体蛋白质硫酶 (BTE) 负责植物中中链脂肪酸的合成.
- 在Arabidopsis中BTE的成功表达表明了设计中链脂肪酸生产的可行方法.
- 这项研究提供了基于植物的中链脂肪酸生物合成的机制性理解,对可再生资源开发有影响.
更多相关视频
11:14Fatty Acid 13C Isotopologue Profiling Provides Insight into Trophic Carbon Transfer and Lipid Metabolism of Invertebrate Consumers
Published on: April 17, 2018
06:45Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids from Fermentation Broth Using Hollow-Fiber Membranes
Published on: August 9, 2024
相关概念视频
Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism
Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
Fats as Energy Storage Molecules
Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage molecules. They are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must first be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA, which is used by the Krebs cycle. The glycerol that is released from triglycerides after lipolysis directly...
Fats as Energy Storage Molecules
Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage molecules. They are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must first be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA, which is used by the Krebs cycle. The glycerol that is released from triglycerides after lipolysis directly...
Lipid Catabolism
Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
Biosynthesis of Lipids
Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, which...
Biofuels
The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
