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隔离和表征一个原弦状细胞的基因相容性位点

Anthony W De Tomaso¹, Spencer V Nyholm, Karla J Palmeri

¹Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. tdet@stanford.edu

|November 25, 2005

概括

研究人员在衣动物中发现了一种新型基因,该基因控制了基因相容性,为免疫系统的进化提供了洞察力. 这一发现揭示了脊椎动物免疫的起源和自我识别的普遍生物过程.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
进化生物学进化生物学
海洋生物学海洋生物学

背景情况:

基因相容性,即区分自我与非自我的能力,在Metazoa中至关重要.
在脊椎动物中,主要基因相容性复合体 (MHC) 控制了基因相容性和免疫力.
非脊椎动物中组织相容性的机制在很大程度上仍然未知.

研究的目的:

为了研究原始的带动物,ascidian Botryllus schlosseri.的基因基础的基因相容性.
为了确定参与非脊椎动物基因相容性反应的候选基因.
探索甲基动物基因相容性和脊椎动物免疫力之间的进化联系.

主要方法:

来自Botryllus schlosseri.的一个候选基因的分离和表征.
对基因多态的分析及其与基因相容性结果的关联.
进行比较基因组学以了解进化关系.

主要成果:

一个编码免疫球蛋白超级家族成员的新型基因被分离出来.
仅仅这个基因就能预测Botryllus schlosseri.中的组织相容性反应的结果.
这代表了第一个描述的非脊椎动物基因相容性基因.

结论:

鉴定出来的基因为非脊椎动物带动物的基因相容性提供了分子基础.
这一发现提供了关于脊椎动物免疫系统进化起源的见解.
这项研究突出了各种动物群体中基因相容性机制的保存性.

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