五个拉丁美洲城市的慢性阻塞性肺病 (PLATINO研究):一个流行率研究
Ana Maria B Menezes1, Rogelio Perez-Padilla, José Roberto B Jardim
1Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. anamene@terra.com.br
慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是拉丁美洲的一个重大健康问题,患病率因城市而异. 在某些地区,更高的海拔可能有助于降低COPD的发病率.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的患病率和死亡率在低收入和中等收入国家正在上升.
- 对于拉丁美洲的COPD存在有限的流行病学数据.
研究的目的:
- 通过PLATINO研究,确定拉丁美洲五个主要城市的COPD流行病学.
- 评估COPD的流行情况,并确定该地区的促成因素.
主要方法:
- 采用了两阶段的抽样策略来选择40岁及以上的成年人.
- 参与者填写了问卷,人体测量和支气管扩展前后的螺旋测量.
- 慢性肺炎被定义为支气管扩张后FEV1/FVC比率低于0.7.
主要成果:
- 从五个城市的963名 (圣保罗) 到1294名 (卡拉卡斯) 参与者收集了数据.
- 粗略的COPD患病率从墨西哥城的7.8%到蒙特维多的19.7%不等.
- 与其他城市相比,墨西哥城的COPD调整流行率明显较低.
结论:
- 慢性肺炎在拉丁美洲是一个严重且被低估的公共卫生问题.
- 高度差异可能会部分解释COPD流行率在不同城市的变化.
- 提高公众对COPD负担的认识至关重要,特别是考虑到高烟草使用率.
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