非洲心肌梗塞相关的危险因素:INTERHEART非洲研究
Krisela Steyn1, Karen Sliwa, Steven Hawken
1Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Circulation
|December 7, 2005
概括
可修改的心血管疾病风险因素解释了撒哈拉以南非洲近90%的心肌梗塞. 这些发现强调了解决吸烟,糖尿病和高血压等风险因素的重要性,以预防该地区的心脏病发作.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 的发病率在低收入国家正在增加.
- 在撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 的可修改心血管疾病风险因素和心肌梗塞 (MI) 存在有限的数据.
研究的目的:
- 调查SSA中已知的心血管疾病风险因素与急性心肌梗塞 (AMI) 之间的关联.
- 将非洲人口的发现与更广泛的INTERHEART研究进行比较.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及578名首次AMI患者和9个SSA国家的785名匹配对照的病例控制研究.
- 分析风险因素,包括吸烟,糖尿病,高血压,腹部肥胖和阿波利波蛋白比率.
- 种族子组 (黑人,有色人种,欧洲人/其他非洲人) 内的风险因素关联与整体INTERHEART研究的比较.
主要成果:
- 可修改的心血管疾病风险因素在SSA和整体INTERHEART研究中显示出与AMI类似的关联.
- 五个主要风险因素 (吸烟,糖尿病,高血压,腹部肥胖,ApoB/ApoA1比率) 占AMI病例的89.2%.
- 与整体INTERHEART队列相比,黑人非洲人中高血压史表明心脏病发作风险更高.
- 较高的收入和教育水平与黑人非洲人的AMI风险增加相关,与其他群体不同.
结论:
- 已确定的心血管疾病风险因素是非洲人口中大约90%的心脏病发病的原因.
- 社会经济梯度,风险因素概况和AMI风险在各族群之间存在差异,表明不同的流行病学过渡阶段.
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