美国与天花疫苗接种有关的神经系统不良事件,2002-2004年
James J Sejvar1, Robert J Labutta, Louisa E Chapman
1Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga 30333, USA. zea3@cdc.gov
JAMA
|December 8, 2005
概括
接种天花疫苗可以引起神经事件,主要是轻度头痛. 脑膜炎或贝尔等严重事件是罕见的,并且在2002-2004年竞选期间的预期率内发生.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 神经学并发症是天花疫苗接种后的罕见但严重的不良事件.
- 由于对生物恐怖主义的准备,与疫苗相关的神经事件的担忧在美国天花疫苗接种计划 (2002-2004) 中重新浮出水面.
- 了解这些风险对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与天花疫苗接种相关的神经事件的发病率.
- 描述这些神经事件的临床特征和结果.
主要方法:
- 分析来自疫苗不良事件报告系统 (VAERS) 的不良事件报告.
- 包括来自国防部和卫生与人类服务部 (2002-2004) 接种疫苗的665,000多名个人数据.
- 专注于与天花疫苗接种临时相关的不良神经事件.
主要成果:
- 报告了214个神经学不良事件,其中头痛是最常见的 (95例).
- 严重事件包括脑膜炎 (13),脑炎/肌肉炎 (3),贝尔 (11),发作 (8),以及吉兰-巴雷综合征 (3).
- 最严重的事件发生在接种疫苗后12天内,特别是在初级疫苗接种者中.
结论:
- 在2002-2004年天花疫苗接种运动期间报告的神经事件通常是轻微的和自我限制的.
- 没有发现超过基线估计的新神经系统综合征.
- 严重的神经系统不良事件的发生率与疫苗接种后并发症的预期范围一致.
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