生物力学:灰狗冲刺速度没有力量限制
James R Usherwood1, Alan M Wilson
1Structure and Motion Laboratory, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK. jusherwood@rvc.ac.uk
Nature
|December 13, 2005
概括
在紧的道上跑步的灰猎犬,由于脚接触时间不变,会使四肢力量增加65%. 这表明它们的运动依赖于部扭矩,将动力肌肉与承重结构分开.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 动物的运动 动物的运动.
- 比较生理学比较生理学
背景情况:
- 最大运行速度受到四肢摆动速度和地面接触力容忍度的限制.
- 人类在倾斜的转上调整脚接触时间,以保持恒定的腿部力量.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查灰猎犬如何在紧的道上运行时管理四肢力量.
- 为了比较灰猎犬转动机制与冲刺期间的人类生物力学.
主要方法:
- 分析灰狗在曲线轨道上的运动动态.
- 测量脚接触时间和估计四肢力量.
主要成果:
- 灰猎犬在进入紧的道时不会改变脚接触时间.
- 这与直线跑步相比,导致肢体力量增加65%.
- 肢体力量在转时显著增加,与人类短跑者不同.
结论:
- 灰猎犬的运动似乎是由部扭矩驱动的,而不是主要是由四肢冲击力驱动的.
- 这种机制机械地将产生动力的肌肉与承重结构分开,类似于人类的骑自行车.
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