在致命的病毒感染后,抗病毒治疗比天花疫苗接种更有效
Koert J Stittelaar1, Johan Neyts, Lieve Naesens
1Department of Virology, Erasmus MC, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Nature
|December 13, 2005
概括
暴露后用奇多福维尔或相关化合物的抗病毒治疗显著降低了感染麻病毒的子的死亡率和病变. 感染后24小时的天花疫苗接种没有显著的保护作用.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 药理学 药理学 是一个学科.
背景情况:
- 麻疹病毒,是天花的原因,构成生物恐怖主义威胁,导致库存基于疫苗病毒的疫苗.
- 与其预防性使用相比,暴露后天花疫苗接种的有效性不太清楚.
- 在Cynomolgus子中感染麻疹病毒 (MPXV) 作为评估天花病对策的相关模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较暴露后天花疫苗接种与抗病毒治疗对水病毒感染的有效性.
- 评估cidofovir和相关的模拟物作为潜在的对MPXV的暴露后疗法.
主要方法:
- 在Cynomolgus类子中,内感染了MPXV.
- 这些组在感染后24小时内接种了天花疫苗 (Elstree-RIVM),cidofovir或HPMPO-DAPy.
- 监测死亡率,病变的发展和免疫反应 (血清抗体,T淋巴细胞).
主要成果:
- 在MPXV感染后24小时开始的抗病毒治疗显著降低了死亡率和皮肤病变.
- 感染后24小时的天花疫苗接种并没有显著降低死亡率.
- 接受抗病毒治疗的幸存动物产生了病毒特异性抗体和T淋巴细胞.
结论:
- 抗病毒药物如cidofovir在暴露后给药时有效治疗MPXV感染.
- 暴露后的疫苗接种在这种麻疹模型中不如抗病毒疗法有效.
- 抗病毒化合物应考虑在预防天花生物恐怖主义的准备策略中.
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