在没有的脊椎动物中适应性免疫受体的多样性和功能
Matthew N Alder1, Igor B Rogozin, Lakshminarayan M Iyer
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 24, 2005
概括
无鱼利用可变的淋巴细胞受体 (VLRs) 进行抗原识别,这些受体由富含白的重复 (LRR) 模块组合在一起. 这与脊椎动物形成鲜明对比,揭示了免疫受体多样性的独特进化路径.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 脊椎动物使用免疫球蛋白类型的抗原受体.
- 没有鱼的鱼类具有独特的可变淋巴细胞受体 (VLR),由富含白的重复模块 (LRR) 组成.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明VLR基因多样化在没有鱼中的机制.
- 分析VLR的结构和曲目多样性.
- 为了比较无和有的脊椎动物之间的抗原识别策略.
主要方法:
- LRR模块的体质基因组合.
- 对VLR结构和曲目进行计算分析.
- 用炭病子对鱼进行免疫.
主要成果:
- 通过随机选择的LRR模块的多步组装来实现VLR多元化.
- 预测的VLR结构具有形表面和超变的残留物.
- 计算分析表明,大约有10^14个独特的VLRs.
- 兰普里在炭病子免疫后产生了可溶性,抗原特异的VLRs.
结论:
- 无鱼表现出一种独特的基于VLR的抗原识别模式.
- 在脊椎动物中存在淋巴细胞受体的两个不同的进化途径.
- 这项研究强调了免疫受体进化的多样化策略.
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