干细胞是殖民的自然选择的单位
Diana J Laird1, Anthony W De Tomaso, Irving L Weissman
1Department of Biological Sciences, Departments of Pathology and Developmental Biology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. diana@stanfordalumni.org
Cell
|December 27, 2005
概括
干细胞系是自然选择的单位,在Botryllus schlosseri.中得到了证明. 这些干细胞可以寄生于其他个体,影响遗传和进化.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 干细胞对于发育和再生至关重要.
- 像Botryllus schlosseri这样的殖民虫在遗传上不同的个体之间表现出血管融合.
- 融合可以导致细胞寄生,影响体质组织,性子或两者兼而有之.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明干细胞系系是自然选择的单位.
- 为了研究干细胞在融合后的细胞寄生症中的作用.
- 探索干细胞竞争的遗传基础和进化影响.
主要方法:
- 采用殖民时期的花 Botryllus schlosseri 作为一个模型系统.
- 诱导和观察遗传上不同的殖民地之间的血管融合.
- 进行细胞移植实验以复制寄生虫等级.
- 展望隔离和表征多能,自我更新的干细胞.
主要成果:
- 证明干细胞系系作为自然选择的单位.
- 显示了体和性寄生虫的遗传层次结构可以通过细胞移植复制.
- 隔离了一种干细胞种群,在移植后保留了具有竞争力的表型.
- 观察到干细胞有助于体质或生殖系命运,而不是两者兼而有之.
结论:
- 干细胞系是自然选择的合法单位.
- 基因组相容性基因可能是为了防止寄生虫干细胞夺遗传而进化而来的.
- 研究结果表明,体和生殖系干细胞系系或利基依赖差异化是分开的.
- 这项研究提供了关于干细胞在殖民生物体中的进化作用的见解.
相关概念视频
01:33Adult Stem Cells
27.8K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
27.8K
00:58Embryonic Stem Cells
25.8K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
25.8K
01:10Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation
6.4K
The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
6.4K
01:27Source And Potency Of Stem Cells
5.0K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
5.0K
01:17Stem Cell Culture
4.5K
Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
4.5K
01:33Whole Body Regeneration
3.6K
Regeneration is the process of restoring injured or lost tissues, organs, or body parts. While simpler organisms generally show greater ability to regenerate their whole body, few complex animals show similarly exceptional regeneration. For example, planarian flatworms have a unique regenerative potential making them a popular study organism among biologists to understand the mechanisms of whole body regeneration. Other organisms, such as hydra, also show extreme regeneration potential;...
3.6K