衰老,性别和体育训练对心血管对运动反应的影响
T Ogawa1, R J Spina, W H Martin
1Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Circulation
|August 1, 1992
概括
衰老会减少最大的氧气吸收 (VO2max),主要是由于中风体积,心率和氧气提取量减少. 体育训练可以减轻这些与年龄相关的VO2max下降.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的最大氧气吸收 (VO2max) 的下降是多因素的,涉及心率,中风体积和氧气提取.
- 性和身体活动水平可能会影响VO2max的这些与年龄相关的变化.
研究的目的:
- 调查年龄,性别和身体活动对VO2max的影响的潜在机制.
- 量化中风体积,最大心率和氧气提取对与年龄相关的VO2max下降的贡献.
主要方法:
- 测量VO2,心脏输出和心率在跑步机运动中在年轻和年长的久坐和耐力训练的男性和女性中.
- 估计体重和无脂肪质量.
- 将VO2max和心脏输出正常化到无脂肪质量.
主要成果:
- 随着年龄的增长,VO2max在久坐的人群中下降了40-41%,在训练有素的人群中下降了25-32%.
- 减少中风体积占与年龄相关的VO2max下降的近50%,较低的最大心率和氧气提取解释了其余部分.
- 训练减轻了与年龄相关的对心率和氧气提取的影响.
- 年龄和训练组之间的VO2max和心脏输出差异在正常化至无脂肪体重后仍然存在.
- 在训练有素的男性和女性中,正常化为无脂肪质量的心脏输出量和中风量在男性中更高.
结论:
- 较低的中风量,心率和动脉静脉氧气差异有助于与年龄相关的VO2max下降.
- 身体组成的差异不能完全解释与年龄和训练相关的VO2max,心脏输出和中风体积的变化.
- 在久坐不动的人群中,女性体脂较大解释了最大心脏输出和中风体积的性别差异.
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