由于全球变暖导致的流行病导致两动物的广泛灭绝
J Alan Pounds1, Martín R Bustamante, Luis A Coloma
1Golden Toad Laboratory for Conservation, Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve and Tropical Science Center, Santa Elena, Puntarenas 5655-73, Costa Rica. goldtoad@racsa.co.cr
Nature
|January 13, 2006
概括
全球变暖正在导致热带两动物的大规模灭绝,原因是菌菌 (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) 的爆发增加. 气温上升有利于真菌生长,导致物种灭绝,并强调迫切需要减少温室气体排放.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 全球变暖正在改变世界各地的生态系统.
- 疾病的动态正在发生变化,影响物种的生存.
- 两动物种群,特别是在美国热带地区,已经经历了显著的下降.
研究的目的:
- 研究全球变暖和两动物大规模灭绝事件之间的联系.
- 确定菌 (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) 在这些灭绝中的作用.
- 评估气候变化对病原体爆发和生物多样性丧失的影响.
主要方法:
- 与海面和空气温度变化相关的灭绝时间的分析.
- 两动物物种丧失与Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis的记录爆发的相关性.
- 评价高原地区的温度变化及其对真菌生长的最佳影响.
主要成果:
- 一次大规模灭绝事件影响了Atelopus harlequin青,与全球变暖有很强的联系.
- 据估计,美国热带地区本土的Atelopus物种中有67%已经消失.
- 气温上升正在为Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis爆发创造有利条件,导致两动物死亡.
结论:
- 全球变暖是近期两动物大规模灭绝的主要驱动因素.
- 气候变化加剧了野生动物的传染病,导致生物多样性丧失.
- 紧急减少温室气体度对于减轻气候变化对生物多样性的影响至关重要.
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