秘密科学:烟草行业对吸烟行为和香烟毒性的研究
David Hammond1, Neil E Collishaw, Cynthia Callard
1Department of Health Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. dhammond@uwaterloo.ca
Lancet (London, England)
|March 7, 2006
概括
烟草行业的研究表明,吸烟者调整吸烟行为,以增加从低产量的香烟中吸收的尼古丁. 产品设计故意利用测试限制,隐消费者和监管机构的高和尼古丁输送.
科学领域:
- 烟草行业研究 烟草行业研究
- 产品设计和消费者行为.
- 监管科学是一种监管科学.
背景情况:
- 缺乏科学数据阻碍了对香烟毒性的监管.
- 了解吸烟行为和产品设计之间的相互作用对于评估香烟交货至关重要.
- 帝国烟草有限公司 (ITL) 和英国 - 美国烟草公司 (BAT) 的内部文件提供了对行业研究的见解.
研究的目的:
- 审查烟草行业内部关于吸烟行为研究的文件.
- 根据行业研究,调查产品设计如何影响香烟的交货.
- 揭露烟草公司用于潜在误导消费者和监管机构关于香烟毒性的策略.
主要方法:
- 来自ITL和BAT的烟草行业内部文件的分析.
- 审查关于吸烟行为及其与产品设计相互作用的研究.
- 检查关于焦油和尼古丁输送与机器吸烟产量的数据.
主要成果:
- 吸烟者修改吸烟行为以调节尼古丁,加剧低产量香烟的吸烟.
- 向吸烟者输送的焦油和尼古丁明显超过报告的机器吸烟产量.
- 最佳技术开发了"弹性"香烟,在测试中产生较低的结果,但在实际使用过程中产生更高的毒素.
- 这种产品策略尽管存在内部的伦理问题,但仍被追求,并与营销"低"替代品相结合.
结论:
- 烟草行业内部的研究表明了利用检测协议的局限性战略.
- 产品设计和营销被用来向消费者和监管机构隐香烟的真正毒性.
- 调查结果强调了欺骗性的商业做法和目前的烟草测试协议的不足.
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