迁移细胞中RhoA活动的时空空间动态
Olivier Pertz1, Louis Hodgson, Richard L Klemke
1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. khahn@med.unc.edu
Nature
|March 21, 2006
概括
在迁移过程中,RhoA信号传递集中在细胞突起的边缘,但其模式因血小板衍生生长因子 (PDGF) 等细胞外线线索而异. 这揭示了细胞运动中独特的RhoA动态.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 罗家族GTPases是细胞迁移的关键调节者.
- Rac通常与前沿突起有关,而RhoA调节细胞体收缩性.
- 新出现的证据表明,RhoA也在膜突起中起作用.
研究的目的:
- 使用新型光生物传感器可视化细胞迁移期间RhoA活动的时空动态.
- 为了研究不同的细胞外线如何影响RhoA局部化和活动模式.
- 澄清RhoA在各种迁移模式期间膜突起中的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发一种新的光生物传感器,用于检测具有可逆膜相互作用的RhoA活性.
- 在随机细胞迁移期间对RhoA活动的活细胞成像.
- 对响应血小板衍生生长因子 (PDGF) 刺激的RhoA动态的分析.
主要成果:
- 在随机迁移的细胞中,RhoA活动在突起的前端形成了一个尖的带.
- 观察到 RhoA 活性在收缩的尾巴中,并与外围和皮诺细胞囊泡相关.
- PDGF诱导的突起呈现低RhoA活性,与随机迁移模式形成鲜明对比,可能是由于Rac激活.
- 在PDGF诱导的背部纹中,RhoA活性显著缺席.
结论:
- 在随机细胞迁移期间,RhoA信号在突起的前沿精确地定位.
- 细胞外信号,如PDGF,诱导不同的RhoA活动模式,影响膜突起动力学.
- 罗亚和Rac活动之间的相互作用对于调解对不同迁移线索的反应至关重要.
更多相关视频
10:27Spatio-Temporal Manipulation of Small GTPase Activity at Subcellular Level and on Timescale of Seconds in Living Cells
Published on: March 9, 2012
10.3K
12:35Author Spotlight: Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos
Published on: April 14, 2023
2.0K
相关概念视频
01:09Cell Migration
16.6K
Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
16.6K
01:19Cell Migration
6.1K
Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
6.1K
01:16Cell Motility through Blebbing
1.9K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
1.9K
01:21Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
3.2K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
3.2K
01:32Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
4.9K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.9K
01:24Small GTPases - Ras and Rho
4.4K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
4.4K