一个电压门的质子选择性通道缺乏孔域
I Scott Ramsey1, Magdalene M Moran, Jayhong A Chong
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders 1309, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|March 24, 2006
概括
研究人员发现了一种新的哺乳动物电压门式质子通道 (H(v) 1),它缺乏孔域,但对免疫细胞功能至关重要. 这一发现促进了对质子运输和先天免疫力的理解.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 细胞生理学 细胞生理学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 电压关闭的离子通道对细胞功能至关重要,具有调节关闭的电压感应域 (VSD).
- 虽然VSDs通常与离子通道毛孔联系在一起,但一些VSD蛋白质,如Ci-VSP,功能独立于通道.
- 哺乳动物电压门式质子通道的存在和功能在很大程度上仍未被描述.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述一种新的哺乳动物电压门式质子通道.
- 阐明这个新发现的通道的功能性质和调节机制.
- 确定该通道在免疫反应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 哺乳动物VSD蛋白的表达和电生理学分析,H(v) 1.1.
- 位点定向的突变发生,以确定关键的残留物,涉及到门和抑制.
- 研究免疫组织中的H(v) 1表达及其在细胞白细胞中的作用.
主要成果:
- 一种哺乳动物VSD蛋白,H(v) 1,被确定为一个功能电压门的质子通道,独立于可辨认的孔域.
- H(v) 1电流通过脱极化被激活,具有质子选择性,并通过特定的胺残留物被Zn2+抑制.
- H(v) 1在免疫细胞中表达,并调解细胞中氧化突发所必需的质子导电性 (G(vH+).
结论:
- H(v) 1 代表了第一个已识别的哺乳动物电压门式质子通道,扩展了已知的VSD蛋白的功能.
- 该研究确立了H(v) 1作为天生的免疫系统的关键组成部分,特别是在杀死微生物方面.
- H(v) 1 是哺乳动物VSD蛋白质新家族的创始成员,具有不同的生理作用.
相关概念视频
Ion Channels
The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow specific...
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow specific...
Non-gated Ion Channels
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Voltage-gated Ion Channels
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Non-gated Ion Channels
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview
An electrochemical gradient is a fundamental concept in biology and chemistry. It regulates the movement of ions across cell membranes. This movement is influenced by two factors:
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell. This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to the...
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell. This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to the...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...


