在非人类灵长类动物中,RNAi介导的基因沉默
Tracy S Zimmermann1, Amy C H Lee, Akin Akinc
1Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc., 300 Third Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. tzimmermann@alnylam.com
Nature
|March 28, 2006
概括
在脂质体中小干扰RNA (siRNA) 的系统输送有效地使非人类灵长类动物的阿波利波蛋白B (ApoB) 沉默. 这种RNA干扰疗法证明了强效,持久的基因沉默和降低胆固醇水平,支持其治疗潜力.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- RNA干扰 (RNAi) 提供了一个有前途的治疗策略,用于沉默引起疾病的基因.
- 针对RNAi的小干扰RNAs (siRNAs) 的系统传递面临着挑战,在非动物模型中报告的成功有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究系统输送的siRNAs在非人类灵长类动物的阿波利波蛋白B (ApoB) 基因沉默中的有效性.
- 评估RNAi疗法在治疗目前无法治疗的目标疾病方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 特定于APOB的siRNA被封装在稳定的核酸脂质颗粒 (SNALP) 中.
- 通过静脉注射SNALP-siRNAs给Cynomolgus子,剂量为1或2.5毫克/公斤.
- 基因和蛋白质表达,以及血清脂质水平,在药物后进行了分析.
主要成果:
- 一次静脉注射的siRNA注射导致了肝脏中APOB信使RNA的剂量依赖性沉默 (>90%的最大沉默).
- 证实通过APOB mRNA裂变发生沉默,与RNAi机制一致.
- 在24小时内观察到ApoB蛋白,血清胆固醇和LDL水平的显著降低,持续时间长达11天.
结论:
- 脂质体配方 (SNALP) 中siRNAs的系统传递在非人类灵长类动物中实现了临床相关的基因沉默.
- 通过RNAi介导的基因沉默显示出即时,强大和持久的生物效应,支持其作为新类药物的潜力.
- 这些发现推动了对更广泛疾病的RNAi治疗方法的开发.
相关概念视频
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Editing
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...


