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Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

Polarized Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling

Polarized Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling

Published on: May 26, 2011

注射的Xwnt-8RNA在Xenopus胚胎的早期起作用,促进植物背部中心的形成.

W C Smith¹, R M Harland

¹Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.

|November 15, 1991

概括

泽诺普斯Wnt-8 (Xwnt-8) mRNA可以诱导胚胎的背轴形成. 这种Wnt家族成员通过作为一个Nieuwkoop中心来拯救腹部胚胎,模仿早期发育信号.

科学领域:

发育生物学是发展生物学.
分子生物学分子生物学
遗传学是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

背腹轴的形成对于胚胎发育至关重要.
Wnt信号通路在胚胎模式中起着重要的作用.
识别参与轴形成的关键信号分子对于理解发育过程至关重要.

研究的目的:

在Xenopus胚胎中识别具有背轴诱导活性的基因.
调查Wnt家族成员Xwnt-8在轴形成中的作用.
确定Xwnt-8诱导背部发育的机制.

主要方法:

从Xenopus gastrulacDNA池中克隆表达方式.
在32细胞阶段将Xwnt-8mRNA微注入Xenopus胚胎.
对注射胚胎的轴形成和细胞命运的分析,包括UV-ventralized胚胎.

主要成果:

Xwnt-8被确定为Xenopus的背轴诱导因子.
微注射的Xwnt-8mRNA拯救了紫外线内腔化胚胎,恢复了一个完整的前后轴.
注射到植物芽细胞体中导致了内皮贡献,与Xwnt-8作为Nieuwkoop中心的作用一致.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Polarized Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling

Polarized Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling

Published on: May 26, 2011

Blastomere Explants to Test for Cell Fate Commitment During Embryonic Development

Blastomere Explants to Test for Cell Fate Commitment During Embryonic Development

Published on: January 26, 2013

Stem cell-like Xenopus Embryonic Explants to Study Early Neural Developmental Features In Vitro and In Vivo

Stem cell-like Xenopus Embryonic Explants to Study Early Neural Developmental Features In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 2, 2016

结论:

在Xenopus胚胎中,Xwnt-8具有强大的背轴诱导活性.
Xwnt-8的功能是诱导细胞充当纽纽科普中心,这是背部发育的关键信号枢纽.
这些发现表明,Xwnt-8模仿了内生母性因素,这些因素在发育早期建立了背腔腹腔极性.